Extreme Programming Explained, 2/E (The XP Series)

 

“In this second edition of Extreme Programming Explained, Kent Beck organizes and presents five years’ worth of experiences, growth, and change revolving around XP. If you are seriously interested in understanding how you and your team can start down the path of improvement with XP, you must read this book.”

—Francesco Cirillo, Chief Executive Officer, XPLabs S.R.L.

“The first edition of this book told us what XP was—it changed the way many of us think about software development. This second edition takes it farther and gives us a lot more of the ‘why’ of XP, the motivations and the principles behind the practices. This is great stuff. Armed with the ‘what’ and the ‘why,’ we can now all set out to confidently work on the ‘how’: how to run our projects better, and how to get agile techniques adopted in our organizations.”

—Dave Thomas, The Pragmatic Programmers LLC

“This book is dynamite! It was revolutionary when it first appeared a few years ago, and this new edition is equally profound. For those who insist on cookbook checklists, there’s an excellent chapter on ‘primary practices,’ but I urge you to begin by truly contemplating the meaning of the opening sentence in the first chapter of Kent Beck’s book: ‘XP is about social change.’ You should do whatever it takes to ensure that every IT professional and every IT manager—all the way up to the CIO—has a copy of Extreme Programming Explained on his or her desk.”

—Ed Yourdon, author and consultant

“XP is a powerful set of concepts for simplifying the process of software design, development, and testing. It is about minimalism and incrementalism, which are especially useful principles when tackling complex problems that require a balance of creativity and discipline.”

—Michael A. Cusumano, Professor, MIT Sloan School of Management, and author of The Business of Software

“Extreme Programming Explained is the work of a talented and passionate craftsman. Kent Beck has brought together a compelling collection of ideas about programming and management that deserves your full attention. My only beef is that our profession has gotten to a point where such common-sense ideas are labeled ‘extreme.’...”

—Lou Mazzucchelli, Fellow, Cutter Business Technology Council

“If your organization is ready for a change in the way it develops software, there’s the slow incremental approach, fixing things one by one, or the fast track, jumping feet first into Extreme Programming. Do not be frightened by the name, it is not that extreme at all. It is mostly good old recipes and common sense, nicely integrated together, getting rid of all the fat that has accumulated over the years.”

—Philippe Kruchten, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia

“Sometimes revolutionaries get left behind as the movement they started takes on a life of its own. In this book, Kent Beck shows that he remains ahead of the curve, leading XP to its next level. Incorporating five years of feedback, this book takes a fresh look at what it takes to develop better software in less time and for less money. There are no silver bullets here, just a set of practical principles that, when used wisely, can lead to dramatic improvements in software development productivity.”

—Mary Poppendieck, author of Lean Software Development: An Agile Toolkit

“Kent Beck has revised his classic book based on five more years of applying and teaching XP. He shows how the path to XP is both easy and hard: It can be started with fewer practices, and yet it challenges teams to go farther than ever.”

—William Wake, independent consultant

“With new insights, wisdom from experience, and clearer explanations of the art of Extreme Programming, this edition of Beck’s classic will help many realize the dream of outstanding software development.”

—Joshua Kerievsky, author of Refactoring to Patterns and Founder, Industrial Logic, Inc.

“XP has changed the way our industry thinks about software development. Its brilliant simplicity, focused execution, and insistence on fact-based planning over speculation have set a new standard for software delivery.”

—David Trowbridge, Architect, Microsoft Corporation

Accountability. Transparency. Responsibility. These are not words that are often applied to software development.

In this completely revised introduction to Extreme Programming (XP), Kent Beck describes how to improve your software development by integrating these highly desirable concepts into your daily development process.

The first edition of Extreme Programming Explained is a classic. It won awards for its then-radical ideas for improving small-team development, such as having developers write automated tests for their own code and having the whole team plan weekly. Much has changed in five years. This completely rewritten second edition expands the scope of XP to teams of any size by suggesting a program of continuous improvement based on:

• Five core values consistent with excellence in software development
• Eleven principles for putting those values into action
• Thirteen primary and eleven corollary practices to help you push development past its current business and technical limitations

Whether you have a small team that is already closely aligned with your customers or a large team in a gigantic or multinational organization, you will find in these pages a wealth of ideas to challenge, inspire, and encourage you and your team members to substantially improve your software development.

You will discover how to:

• Involve the whole team—XP style
• Increase technical collaboration through pair programming and continuous integration
• Reduce defects through developer testing
• Align business and technical decisions through weekly and quarterly planning
• Improve teamwork by setting up an informative, shared workspace

You will also find many other concrete ideas for improvement, all based on a philosophy that emphasizes simultaneously increasing the humanity and effectiveness of software development.

Every team can improve. Every team can begin improving today. Improvement is possible—beyond what we can currently imagine. Extreme Programming Explained, Second Edition, offers ideas to fuel your improvement for years to come.

Table of Contents

Copyright

To Cindee

Praise for Extreme Programming Explained, Second Edition

The XP Series

Titles in the Series

Note To Programmers

Foreword to the Second Edition

Foreword to the First Edition

Preface

Acknowledgments

1. What is XP?

1. Exploring XP

2. Learning to Drive

3. Values, Principles, and Practices

4. Values

Communication

Simplicity

Feedback

Courage

Respect

Others

5. Principles

Humanity

Economics

Mutual Benefit

Self-Similarity

Improvement

Diversity

Reflection

Flow

Opportunity

Redundancy

Failure

Quality

Baby Steps

Accepted Responsibility

Conclusion

6. Practices

7. Primary Practices

Sit Together

Whole Team

Informative Workspace

Energized Work

Pair Programming

Pairing and Personal Space

Stories

Weekly Cycle

Quarterly Cycle

Slack

Ten-Minute Build

Continuous Integration

Test-First Programming

Incremental Design

And Now...

8. Getting Started

Mapping the Practices

Conclusion

9. Corollary Practices

Real Customer Involvement

Incremental Deployment

Team Continuity

Shrinking Teams

Root-Cause Analysis

Shared Code

Code and Tests

Single Code Base

Daily Deployment

Negotiated Scope Contract

Pay-Per-Use

Conclusion

10. The Whole XP Team

Testers

Interaction Designers

Architects

Project Managers

Product Managers

Executives

Technical Writers

Users

Programmers

Human Resources

Roles

11. The Theory of Constraints

12. Planning: Managing Scope

13. Testing: Early, Often, and Automated

14. Designing: The Value of Time

Simplicity

15. Scaling XP

Number of People

Investment

Size of Organization

Time

Problem Complexity

Solution Complexity

Consequences of Failure

Conclusion

16. Interview

2. Philosophy of XP

17. Creation Story

18. Taylorism and Software

19. Toyota Production System

20. Applying XP

Choosing a Coach

When You Shouldn't Use XP

21. Purity

Certification and Accreditation

22. Offshore Development

23. The Timeless Way of Programming

24. Community and XP

25. Conclusion

Annotated Bibliography

Philosophy

Attitude

Emergent Processes

Systems

People

Project Management

Programming

Other